Weibull data for lamp life
Weibull distribution has become established as the standard method for analyzing the life of technical products. Endurance tests on products without technical faults produce failure curves which represent the proportion of products that fail in the course of use. Because of their special properties, these curves can be normalized for the purposes of comparison. This involves approximating the distributions to a straight line. To show this, a special coordinate system is needed (named after Dr. E. H. Wallodi Weibull, 1887 to 1979). Service life distribution can now be accurately defined by specifying two points on the straight line, without having to refer to a failure curve.
The following failure rates have been defined as standard failure rates. The B3 life value represents the premature failure rate of lamps. It means that 3% of all the tested lamps failed after this number of hours burned. The Tc life value represents the failure rate of 63.2% of the lamps. B3 and Tc are of particular interest in industry. Another important point is the B50 value. This indicates the average life of the lamps (50%).
To show this approximation to a straight line, a special graphic matrix is needed. The failure rates are indicated as a percentage plotted against the number of hours burned. The advantage here is that the distribution of the life of, say, a headlight lamp can be uniquely defined by specifying particular failure rates
Point 1: The B3 life value means that 3% of the tested lamps failed after this number of hours burned.
Point 2: The B10 life value means that 10% of the tested lamps failed after this number of hours burned.
Point 3: The B50 life value indicates the average life of the lamps. The failure rate is 50%.
Point 4: The Tc life value represents the characteristic failure rate of 63.2% of the lamps.
Rule of thumb:
5% overvoltage ->
•Half the life
•15% higher luminous flux
•8% higher power consumption
•3% higher current
5% undervoltage ->
•Twice the life
•15% lower luminous flux
•8% lower power consumption
•3% lower current
All life data presented in this catalog are given as B50 @ 14.0 volts for halogen products and @ bulb rated voltage for all others unless noted.